我国环保产业正面向怎样的局面？
China's environmental protection industry has ushered in a rare development opportunity. By 2035, the ecological environment will be basically improved and the goal of beautiful China will be basically achieved, which indicates that the investment and supervision of the state in the field of environmental protection will not be weakened in the future. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China laid down a timetable and roadmap for the work of ecological and environmental protection, and also defined the key tasks for the environmental protection industry.
环保产业发展，是供给侧结构性改革的应有之义。供给侧结构性改革，是“十三五”产业结构优化升级的主线；环境保护是推进供给侧结构性改革的重要措施。2016年6月，环保部出台《关于积极发挥环境保护作用促进供给侧结构性改革的指导意见》，提出了总体思路和重点任务。在中央环保督察的推动下，各省相继关停了很多排放不达标、严重污染环境的“小、散、乱、污”企业。石化、钢铁、有色、化工、煤炭、水泥等高污染、高能耗行业污染治理需求将进一步释放。
The development of environmental protection industry is the proper meaning of supply side structural reform. The supply side structural reform is the main line of optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure in the 13th five year plan; environmental protection is an important measure to promote the supply side structural reform. In June 2016, the Ministry of environmental protection issued the guiding opinions on actively playing the role of environmental protection and promoting the structural reform of the supply side, which put forward the overall ideas and key tasks. Under the promotion of the central environmental protection supervision, many "small, scattered, disorderly and polluted" enterprises with substandard emissions and serious environmental pollution have been shut down in various provinces. Petrochemical, steel, nonferrous metals, chemical industry, coal, cement and other industries with high pollution and high energy consumption will further release the demand for pollution control.
执法力度加大，有利于环保产业的持续健康发展。2015年1月，“史上最严”的环保法出台；8月，《大气污染防治法》再次修订，VOCs纳入了监测范围；11月，《环境保护“十三五”规划基本思路》出台；2016年，新《环境空气质量标准》面世；2017年，政府工作报告提出打赢蓝天保卫战，京津冀“2+26”城市PM2.5平均浓度和重污染天数要求同比下降15%以上。污染治理效果与地方政府官员考核绩效挂钩，“河长制”、中央环保督查、专项整治行动等相继展开，处罚力度史无前例。2016~2017年，中央环保督察组对全国31个省(区、市)实现了全覆盖，基本摸清了全国污染防治现状。截止2017年8月，立案处罚18,223家，罚款7.28亿元，拘留1,199人，问责12,724人。
Strengthening law enforcement is conducive to the sustainable and healthy development of environmental protection industry. In January 2015, the "strictest" environmental protection law was issued; in August, the air pollution prevention and control law was revised again, and VOCs were included in the monitoring scope; in November, the basic ideas of the 13th five year plan for environmental protection was issued; in 2016, the new ambient air quality standard was released; in 2017, the government work report proposed to win the blue sky defense war, and the average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei "2 + 26" cities was increased The number of days and days of heavy pollution decreased by more than 15% year on year. The effect of pollution control is linked to the performance of local government officials, and the "river chief system", central environmental supervision and special rectification actions have been launched in succession, with unprecedented punishment. From 2016 to 2017, the central environmental protection supervision team has achieved full coverage of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and cities) in China, and has basically found out the current situation of pollution prevention and control in China. As of August 2017, 18223 companies had been punished, RMB 728 million had been fined, 1199 people had been detained and 12724 people had been held accountable.
中新社发 杨萌 摄
Photo by Yang Meng
市场配置环境污染治理资源的作用日益显现。污染治理以“绩效导向”，源头控制+末端治理+治理付费等制度体系逐步完善。政策措施由行政手段向法律的、行政的和经济的手段延伸，第三方治理污染的积极性和主动性被充分调动起来。环保税、排污许可证等市场化手段陆续推出，政策红利逐步显现。
The role of market in the allocation of environmental pollution control resources is increasingly apparent. Pollution control is "performance-oriented", and the system of source control + end treatment + treatment payment is gradually improved. Policy measures extend from administrative means to legal, administrative and economic means, and the enthusiasm and initiative of the third party in pollution control are fully mobilized. Environmental protection tax, emission permits and other market-oriented means have been launched, and the policy dividend has gradually emerged.
政府投入、居民的宜居环境需求、社会关注度越来越大，由于对大气污染防治、水质污染防治设备及固体废弃物处理设备的投资需求巨大，环保产业发展潜力巨大。环保产业应当也完全可以发展成为支柱性产业，以满足生态环境保护、污染治理和生态修复的需要。据有关预测，“十三五”期间，环保投资约为7.6万亿元(2018年投资规模为1.6万亿-1.8万亿元)，约为“十二五”的两倍。据前瞻产业研究院《环保行业发展前景与投资分析报告》的预计，到2018年节能环保产业产值将超过7万亿，达到74799.2亿元。
Government investment, residents' livable environment demand and social concern are increasing. Due to the huge investment demand for air pollution prevention and control, water pollution prevention and control equipment and solid waste treatment equipment, the development potential of environmental protection industry is huge. Environmental protection industry should and can be developed into a pillar industry to meet the needs of ecological environment protection, pollution control and ecological restoration. According to relevant forecasts, during the 13th Five Year Plan period, the investment in environmental protection will be about 7.6 trillion yuan (the investment scale in 2018 will be 1.6-1.8 trillion yuan), which is about twice as much as that in the 12th Five Year Plan period. According to the forecast of "environmental protection industry development prospect and investment analysis report" of forward looking Industry Research Institute, the output value of energy conservation and environmental protection industry will exceed 7 trillion yuan by 2018, reaching 7479.92 billion yuan.
所有这些，特别是随着环保督察常态化、监管频率和力度的增强，大气、水、固废等领域治理标准的提升，环保产业的发展迎来了难得的有利环境。
All these, especially with the normalization of environmental supervision, the enhancement of supervision frequency and intensity, and the improvement of governance standards in the fields of air, water and solid waste, the development of environmental protection industry has ushered in a rare favorable environment.
大气治理行业。十九大报告要求打好“蓝天保卫战”；地方各级政府对大气污染、特别是对雾霾治理的高度重视，将带动大气污染治理市场的形成和发展。随着电力领域超低排放改造的完成，污染治理的主战场将转向非电领域。能源清洁利用将得到重视，特别是供暖季节的大气污染治理被提到议事日程，将带动相关产业的快速发展。
Air treatment industry. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China calls for a "blue sky defense war"; local governments at all levels attach great importance to air pollution, especially haze control, which will drive the formation and development of air pollution control market. With the completion of ultra-low emission transformation in the electric power field, the main battlefield of pollution control will turn to non electric field. Clean use of energy will be paid attention to, especially the air pollution control in heating season is put on the agenda, which will drive the rapid development of related industries.
水治理行业。根据“水十条”要求，重点城市建成区要于2017年底前基本消除黑臭水体，任务十分艰巨；水污染治理投资需求巨大。根据有关测算，完成“水十条”的全社会投资额需达到4.6万亿元。此外，PPP模式下的污水处理厂提标改造以及农村环境的面源污染整治，将持续拉动水处理需求。随着水污染治理设施的大规模建设的完成，水治理设施的运维将环保产业的发展重点。
Water treatment industry. According to the requirements of the "ten water regulations", it is very difficult to basically eliminate black and odorous water bodies in the built-up areas of key cities by the end of 2017; there is a huge demand for investment in water pollution control. According to relevant estimates, the total social investment needed to complete the "ten water measures" should reach 4.6 trillion yuan. In addition, the upgrading and reconstruction of sewage treatment plants under PPP mode and the treatment of non-point source pollution in rural environment will continue to stimulate the demand for water treatment. With the completion of large-scale construction of water pollution treatment facilities, the operation and maintenance of water treatment facilities will be the development focus of environmental protection industry.
土壤修复行业。随着《土壤污染防治法》的制定出台，有望为土壤污染治理和修复产业提供更加健康和可持续的商业模式。在财政部公布2017年财政预算中，土壤专项预算为112亿元。“十三五”期间，土壤修复产业有望获得实质性推动，带动5万亿以上的投资；相关产业和企业将得到迅速发展壮大。
Soil remediation industry. With the formulation and promulgation of the soil pollution prevention and control law, it is expected to provide a more healthy and sustainable business model for the soil pollution control and remediation industry. In the 2017 budget released by the Ministry of finance, the special budget for soil is 11.2 billion yuan. During the 13th Five Year Plan period, the soil remediation industry is expected to get substantial promotion, driving more than 5 trillion investment, and related industries and enterprises will develop rapidly.
固废处理行业。随着环境保护政策法规，特别是循环发展引领计划的出台实施，再生资源行业下游产品价格将有所好转，垃圾处理行业在PPP模式带动下将逐步放量，危废处理景气度高企，生活垃圾、餐厨垃圾、电子废弃物等的资源化利用和无害化处理产业将得到迅速发展，“两网”融合成为行业发展的热点，固废处理行业的业绩也会得到改善。
Solid waste treatment industry. With the introduction and implementation of environmental protection policies and regulations, especially the circular development leading plan, the prices of downstream products in renewable resources industry will be improved. Driven by PPP mode, the waste treatment industry will gradually increase in volume. The prosperity of hazardous waste treatment is high. The resource utilization and harmless treatment industry of domestic waste, kitchen waste and electronic waste will develop rapidly ”Integration has become a hot spot in the development of the industry, and the performance of the solid waste treatment industry will also be improved.
环境监测行业。污染源监测、生态系统监
Environmental monitoring industry. Pollution source monitoring and ecosystem monitoring